References

  1. FAO, Reutilización del agua en la agricultura: ¿beneficios para todos? (Water reuse in agriculture: benefits for all?), Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2013.
  2. UN, Informe Mundial de las Naciones Unidas sobre el desarrollo de los recursos hídricos 2017. Aguas residuales: el recurso desaprovechado (United Nations World Report on Water Resources Development 2017. Wastewater: the untapped resource), UNESCO, Paris, 2017.
  3. World Bank, Improving Wastewater Use in Agriculture: An Emerging Priority, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46443890_Improving_Wastewater_Use_in_Agriculture_An_Emerging_Priority, 2010.
  4. G.H. Miller, Integrated concepts in water reuse: managing global water needs, Desalination, 187 (2006) 65–75.
  5. A.N. Angelakis, S.A. Snyder, Wastewater Treatment and Reuse: past, Present, and Future, Water, (2015) 4887–4895.
  6. V. Lazarova, B. Levine, J. Sack, G. Cirelli, P. Jeffrey, H. Muntau, F. Brissaud, Role of water reuse for enhancing integrated water management in Europe and Mediterranean countries, Water Sci. Technol., 43 (2001) 25–33.
  7. J. Melgarejo, Efectos ambientales y económicos de la reutilización del agua en España (Environmental and economic effects of water reuse in Spain), Universidad de Alicante, 2009.
  8. G.L. Cirelli, S. Consoli, F. Licciardello, R. Aiello, F. Giuffrida, C. Leonardi, Treated municipal wastewater reuse in vegetable production, Agric. Water Manage., 104 (2012) 163–170.
  9. S.S. Gharbia, A. Aish, T. Abushbak, G. Qishawi, I. Al-Shawa, A. Gharbia, F. Pilla, Evaluation of wastewater post-treatment options for reuse purposes in the agricultural sector under rural development conditions, J. Water Process Eng., 9 (2016) 111–122.
  10. I. Ruiz-Rosa, F.J. García-Rodríguez, J. Mendoza-Jiménez, Development and application of a cost management model for wastewater treatment and reuse processes, J. Clean. Prod., 113 (2016) 299–310.
  11. European Comission, Reutilización del agua: La Comisión propone normas para que el riego agrícola sea más fácil y seguro (Wastewater reuse: commission proposes standards to make agricultural irrigation easier and safer), http://europa.eu/rapid/press-release_IP-18–3929_es.htm, 2018.
  12. European Comission, Proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on minimum requirements for water reuse, http://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/pdf/water_reuse_regulation.pdf, 2018.
  13. L. Alcalde Sanz, B. M. Gawlik (2017), Minimum quality requirements for water reuse in agricultural irrigation and aquifer recharge. Towards a Legal Instrument on Water Reuse at EU Level, European Commission, 2017.
  14. D. Bixio, C. Thoeye, J. De Koning, D. Joksimovic, D. Savic, T. Wintgens, T. Melin, Wastewater reuse in Europe, Desalination, 187 (2006) 89–101.
  15. P.E. Hardisty, M. Sivapalan, R. Humphries, Determining a sustainable and economically optimal wastewater treatment and discharge strategy, J. Environ. Manage., 114 (2013) 285–292.
  16. I.M. Román-Sánchez, I. Carra, J.A. Sánchez-Pérez, Promoting environmental technology using sanitary tax: the case of agrofood industrial wastewater in Spain, Environ. Eng. Manag. J., 13 (2014) 961–969.
  17. F. Pedrero, I. Kalavrouziotis, J.J. Alarcón, P. Koukoulakis, T. Asano, Use of treated municipal wastewater in irrigated agriculture—Review of some practices in Spain and Greece, Agric. Water Manage., 97 (2010) 1233–1241.
  18. R.L. Llamas, M. Aldaya, A. Garrido, E. López, Soluciones para la escasez del agua en España y su aplicación a otras regiones (Solutions for water scarcity in Spain and its application to other regions), Rev. Real Acad. Cienc. Exactas Fis. Nat., 103 (2009) 41–54.
  19. World Resources Institute, Water Stress by Country, Available online: http://www.wri.org/resources/charts-graphs/waterstress-country, 2017.
  20. INE, Survey on Water Supply and Sanitation, http://www.ine.es/prensa/np934.pdf, 2017.
  21. R. Iglesias, E. Ortega, Present and future of wastewater reuse in Spain, Desalination, 218 (2008) 105–119.
  22. L. Gallego-Valero, E. Moral-Pajares, I.M. Román-Sánchez, The tax burden on wastewater and the protection of water ecosystems in EU countries, Sustainability, 10 (2018) 212.
  23. MAPAMA, Economic Accounts of Agriculture, http://www.mapama.gob.es/es/estadistica/temas/estadisticas-agrarias/economia/cuentas-economicas-agricultura/#para3, 2017.
  24. B.H. Baltagi, Econometric analysis of panel data, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2005.
  25. Eurostat, Eurostat Database, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/data/database, 2017.
  26. SGC, The Agrifood Trade Balance, http://www.comercio.es/es-ES/ comercio-exterior/informacion-sectorial/agroalimentarios/estadisticas/Documents/20170922%20BalanzaAgroalim2016.pdf, 2017.
  27. R. Rodriguez, A. Garrido, M.R. Llamas, C. Varela, La huella hidrológica de la agricultura española (The hydrological footprint of Spanish agriculture), Papeles de Agua Virtual, 2 (2008) 1–38.
  28. O.A. Al-Mashaqbeh, A.M. Ghrair, S.B. Megdal, Grey water reuse for agricultural purposes in the Jordan Valley: household survey results in Deir Alla, Water, 4 (2012) 580–596.
  29. C. Becerra-Castro, A.R. Lopes, I. Vaz-Moreira, E.F. Silva, C.M. Manaia, O.C. Nunes, Wastewater reuse in irrigation: a microbiological perspective on implications in soil fertility and human and environmental health, Environ. Int., 75 (2015) 117–135.
  30. FAO, FAO Statistical Yearbook 2013, World Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome, 2013.
  31. A. Libutti, G. Gatta, A. Gagliardi, P. Vergine, A. Pollice, L. Beneduce, G. Disciglio, E. Tarantino, Agro-industrial wastewater reuse for irrigation of a vegetable crop succession under Mediterranean conditions, Agric. Water Manage., 196 (2018) 1–14.
  32. MAPAMA, Plan Nacional de Regadíos Horizonte 2008 (National Irrigation Plan Horizon 2008), Ministerio de Agricultura y Pesca, Alimentación y Medio Ambiente, Madrid, 2008.
  33. B. Jiménez, T. Asano, T., Water reclamation and reuse around the world. In Water Reuse: an International Survey of Current Practice, Issues and Needs, International Water Association: London, 2008.
  34. M. Echegaray, A. Pérez-Barbón, I. De Bustamante, Depuración de las aguas y la importancia de la reutilización (Water purification and the importance of reuse), La Planificación Hidrológica, Líneas estratégicas, Círculo Rojo, Almería, 2016.
  35. A. Urkiaga, A.D.L. Fuentes, J. Etxebarria, La reutilización de aguas depuradas como alternativa emergente para la reducción del estrés hídrico y la gestión sostenible del recurso (The reuse of treated wastewater as an emerging alternative for the reducing water stress and the sustainable management of the resource), Tecnología del Agua, 239 (2003) 30–39.
  36. T. Asano, Reusing urban wastewater. An alternative and a reliable water resource, Water Int., 19 (1994) 36–42.
  37. I.H. Cho, S.J. Lee, J.T. Kim, Trends and directions in the development of wastewater reclamation and reuse technology for alternative water resources, J. Korean Soc. Water Environ., 29 (2013) 127–137.
  38. C.A. De Freitas, A.R. Da Silva, F.M. Bezerra, F.S. Mota, L.R. Gonçalves, E.M. Barros, Reuse of treated domestic sewage effluent as an alternative water source for the production of sugarcane, Rev. Bras. Eng. Agric. Ambient., 17 (2013) 727–734.
  39. X. García, D. Pargament, Reusing wastewater to cope with water scarcity: economic, social and environmental considerations for decision-making, Resour. Conserv. Recycl., 101 (2005) 154–166.
  40. R.W.K. Leung, D.C.H. Li, W.K. Yu, H.K. Chui, T.O. Lee, M.C.M. Van Loosdrecht, G.H. Chen, Integration of seawater and grey water reuse to maximize alternative water resource for coastal areas: the case of the Hong Kong International Airport, Water Sci. Technol., 65 (2012) 410–417.
  41. MARM, Guía para la Aplicación del RD 1620/2007 por el que se establece el Régimen Jurídico de la Reutilización de las Aguas Depuradas (Guide for the Application of the RD 1620/2007 by which the Legal Regime of the Reuse of the Purified Waters is established), Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino, Madrid, 2010.
  42. P.H. Gleick, The human right to water, Water Policy, 1 (1998) 487–503.
  43. UNDP, Informe sobre Desarrollo Humano 2006: más allá de la escasez: poder, pobreza y la crisis mundial del agua (Human Development Report 2006: beyond scarcity: power, poverty and the global water crisis), Mundi-Prensa Libros: Madrid, 2006.
  44. T. Böhmelt, T. Bernauer, H. Buhaug, N.P. Gleditsch, T. Tribaldos, G. Wischnath, Demand, supply, and restraint: determinants of domestic water conflict and cooperation, Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens., 29 (2014) 337–348.
  45. I.E.M. De Graaf, L.P.H. Van Beek, Y. Wada, M.F.P. Bierkens, Dynamic attribution of global water demand to surface water and groundwater resources: effects of abstractions and return flows on river discharges, Adv. Water Resour., 64 (2014) 21–33.
  46. C.J. Vörösmarty, P. Green, J. Salisbury, R.B. Lammers, Global water resources: vulnerability from climate change and population growth, Science, 289 (2000) 284–288.
  47. L. Castellet, M. Molinos-Senante, Efficiency assessment of wastewater treatment plants: a data envelopment analysis approach integrating technical, economic, and environmental issues, J. Environ. Manage., 167 (2016) 160–166.
  48. A. Gago, X. Labandeira, La reforma fiscal verde. Teoría y práctica de los impuestos ambientales (The green tax reform. Theory and practice of environmental taxes), Mundi-Prensa, Madrid, 1999.
  49. I.M. Román, I. Carra, J.A. Sánchez, El uso sostenible del agua: tributos medioambientales y nuevos procesos de descontaminación mediante energías renovables (The Sustainable Use of Water: Environmental Taxes and New Decontamination Processes Using Renewable Energy), Estudios de Economía Aplicada, 31 (2013) 197–216.
  50. M. Rosenstock, Environmental Taxation within the European Union, Cyprus Econ. Policy Rev., 8 (2014) 113–123.
  51. J.F. Vergès, Servicios de Agua Potable y Alcantarillado: lecciones de las Experiencias de Alemania, Francia e Inglaterra (Drinking Water and Sewage Services: lessons from the Experiences of Germany, France and England), United Nations, Santiago de Chile, 2010.
  52. M. Molinos-Senante, F. Hernández-Sancho, R. Sala-Garrido, Economic feasibility study for wastewater treatment: a cost–benefit analysis, Sci. Total Environ., 408 (2010) 4396–4402.
  53. A. Zárate, J. Valles, C. Trueba, Descentralización fiscal y tributación ambiental: el caso del agua en España (Fiscal decentralization and environmental taxation: the case of water in Spain), Instituto de Estudios Fiscales, Madrid, 2007.
  54. M. Molinos-Senante, F. Hernández-Sancho, R. Sala-Garrido, Cost-benefit analysis of water-reuse projects for environmental purposes: a case study for Spanish wastewater treatment plants, J. Environ. Manage., 92 (2011) 3091–3097.
  55. L.C. Casado, Crisis económica y protección del medio ambiente. El impacto de la crisis sobre el Derecho ambiental en España (Economic crisis and protection of the environment. The impact of the crisis on environmental law in Spain), Revista de Direito Econômico e Socioambiental, 9 (2018) 18–63.
  56. C. Burns, P. Tobin, The impact of the economic crisis on European Union environmental policy, JCMS, 54 (2016) 1485–1494.
  57. J.N. Lekakis, M. Kousis, Economic crisis, Troika and the environment in Greece, S. Eur. Soc. Polit., 18 (2013) 305–331.
  58. I. Botetzagias, M. Tsagkari, C. Malesios, Is the ‘Troika’Bad for the Environment? An Analysis of EU Countries’ Environmental Performance in Times of Economic Downturn and Austerity Memoranda. Ecol. Econ., 150 (2018) 34–51.
  59. M.E. Kahn, M.J. Kotchen, Environmental concern and the business cycle: the chilling effect of recession, National Bureau of Economic Research, 2010.
  60. O.P. Chiemena, J. Gupta, The impact of economic recession on climate change: eight trends, Clim. Dev., 8 (2016) 211–223.
  61. H.J. Andreß, K. Golsch, A.W. Schmidt, Applied panel data analysis for economic and social surveys, Springer Science & Business Media, 2013.
  62. J. Melgarejo, M.I. López Ortiz, Depuración y reutilización de aguas en España (Water purification and reuse in Spain), Agua y Territorio, 8 (2016) 22–35.
  63. A.D. Villar García, El coste energético de la desalinización en el Programa AGUA (The energy cost of desalination in the AGUA Program), Investigaciones Geográficas, 62 (2014) 101–112.