References
  -  I.A. Shiklomanov, World Fresh Water Resources in Water
    in Crisis: A Guide to the World’s Fresh Water Resources,
    P.H. Gleick, Ed., pp. 13–24, Oxford University Press, New York,
    1993. 
 
  -  A. Jiménez, M. Cortobius, M. Kjellén, Water, sanitation and
    hygiene and indigenous peoples: a review of the literature,
    Water Int., 39 (2014) 277–293. 
 
  -  K. Watkins, Human Development Report 2006 – Beyond
    Scarcity: Power, Poverty and the Global Water Crisis. UNDP
    Human Development Reports (2006). Available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=2294691 (Accessed on 8 March 2019). 
 
  -  NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information,
    State of the Climate: Global Climate Report for Annual 2017.
    Available at: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/201713
    (Accessed 8 March 2019). 
 
  -  UN General Assembly 2010, Resolution 64/292, The Human
    Right to Water and Sanitation. A/Res/64/292 given July 28, 2010. 
 
  -  J.N. Hakizimana, B. Gourich, M. Chafi, Y. Stiriba, C. Vial,
    P. Drogui, J. Naja, Electrocoagulation process in water treatment:
    a review of electrocoagulation modeling approaches,
    Desalination, 404 (2017) 1–21. 
 
  -  F.E. Elmore, Improvements in Processes and Apparatus for
    Separating Certain Constituents of Finely Dividen Material
    by Causing Them to Rise or Float in a Liquid, GB190417816,
    1905. Available at: https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=28&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=fi_FI&FT=D&date=19051102&CC=GB&NR=190505953A&KC=A# (Accessed on 1 March 2019). 
 
  -  F.E. Elmore, A Process for Separating Certain Constituents
    of Subdivided Ores and Like Substances, and Apparatus
    therefore, 1904, GB190413578. Available at: https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?DB=EPODOC&II=31&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=fi_FI&FT=D&date=19050715&CC=GB&NR=190413578A&KC=A# (Accessed on 1 March 2019). 
 
  -  J. Liu, G. Zhu, P. Wan, Z. Ying, B. Ren, P. Zhang, Z. Wang,
    Current applications of electrocoagulation in water treatment:
    a review, Desal. Wat. Treat., 74 (2017) 53–70. 
 
  -  D.T. Moussa, M.H. El-Naas, M. Nasser, M.J. Al-Marri, A comprehensive
    review of electrocoagulation for water treatment:
    potentials and challenges, J. Environ. Manage., 186 (2017) 24–41. 
 
  -  V. Kuokkanen, T. Kuokkanen, J. Rämö, U. Lassi, Recent
    applications of electrocoagulation in treatment of water and
    wastewater—a review, Green Sustain. Chem., 3 (2013) 89–121. 
 
  -  G. Chen, Electrochemical technologies in wastewater treatment,
    Sep. Purif. Technol., 38 (2004) 11–41. 
 
  -  S. Mahesh, K.K. Garg, V.C. Srivastava, I.M. Mishra, B. Prasad,
    I.D. Mall, Continuous electrocoagulation treatment of pulp
    and paper mill wastewater: operating cost and sludge study,
    RSC Adv., 06 (2016) 16223–16233. 
 
  -  S. Mahesh, B. Prasad, I.D. Mall, I.M. Mishra, Electrochemical
    degradation of pulp and paper mill wastewater. Part I. COD
    and color removal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 45 (2006) 2830–2839. 
 
  -  V. Kuokkanen, T. Kuokkanen, J. Rämö, U. Lassi, J. Roininen,
    Removal of phosphate from wastewaters for further utilization
    using electrocoagulation with hybrid electrodes – Techno –
    economic studies, J. Water Proc. Eng., 8 (2015) e50–e57. 
 
  -  V. Kuokkanen, T. Kuokkanen, J. Rämö, U. Lassi. Electrocoagulation
    treatment of peat bog drainage water containing humic
    substances, Water Res., 79 (2015) 79–87. 
 
  -  U Tezcan, E. Ozel, Electrocoagulation of yogurt industry
    wastewater and the production of ceramic pigments from
    the sludge, Sep. Purif. Technol., 120 (2013) 386–391. 
 
  -  K. Bensadok, N. El Hanafi, F. Lapicque, Electrochemical
    treatment of dairy effluent using combined Al and Ti/Pt
    electrodes system, Desalination, 280 (2011) 244–251. 
 
  -  D. Valero, J. M. Ortiz, V. García, E. Expósito, V. Montiel,
    A. Aldaz, Electrocoagulation of wastewater from almond industry,
    Chemosphere, 84 (2011) 1290–1295. 
 
  -  L.J. Xu, B.W. Sheldon, D.K. Larick, R.E. Carawan, Recovery
    and utilization of useful by-products from egg processing
    wastewater by electrocoagulation, Poultry Sci., 81 (2002) 785–792. 
 
  -  S. Vasudevan, J. Lakshmi, J. Jayaraj, G. Sozhan, Remediation
    of phosphate-contaminated water by electrocoagulation with
    aluminium, aluminium alloy and mild steel anodes, J. Hazard.
    Mater., 164 (2009) 1480–1486. 
 
  -  S. Vasudevan, F. Epron, J. Lakshmi, S. Ravichandran,
	  S. Mohan, G. Sozhan, Removal of NO3– from drinking water
    by electrocoagulation – an alternative approach, Clean Soil
    Air Water, 38 (2010) 225–229. 
 
  -  C. Delaire, C.M. Van Genuchten, K.L. Nelson, S.E. Amrose,
    A.J. Gadgil, Escherichia coli attenuation by Fe electrocoagulation
    in synthetic bengal groundwater: effect of pH and natural
    organic matter, Environ. Sci. Technol., 49 (2015) 9945–9953. 
 
  -  E. Nariyan, A. Aghababaei, M. Sillanpää, Removal of
    pharmaceutical from water with an electrocoagulation process;
    effect of various parameters and studies of isotherm and
    kinetic, Sep. Purif. Technol., 188 (2017) 266–281. 
 
  -  V. Wei, M. Elektorowicz, J.A. Oleszkiewicz, Influence of
    electric current on bacterial viability in wastewater treatment,
    Water Res., 45 (2011) 5058–5062. 
 
  -  H.J. Mansoorian, A.H. Mahvi, A.J. Jafari, Removal of lead
    and zinc from battery industry wastewater using electrocoagulation
    process: influence of direct and alternating current
    by using iron and stainless steel rod electrodes, Sep. Purif.
    Technol., 135 (2014) 165–175. 
 
  -  S. Vasudevan, J. Lakshmi, G. Sozhan, Electrochemically assisted
    coagulation for the removal of boron from water using zinc
    anode, Desalination, 310 (2013) 122–129. 
 
  -  S. Vasudevan, J. Lakshmi, M. Packiyam, Electrocoagulation
    studies on removal of cadmium using magnesium electrode,
    J. Appl. Electrochem., 40 (2010) 2023–2032. 
 
  -  S. Zodi, B. Merzouk, O. Potier, F. Lapicque, J.-P. Leclerc, Direct
    Red 81 dye removal by a continuous flow electrocoagulation/flotation reactor, Sep. Purif. Technol., 108 (2013) 215–222. 
 
  -  B.K. Körbahti, A. Tanyolaç, Electrochemical treatment of simulated
    industrial paint wastewater in a continuous tubular
    reactor, Chem. Eng. J., 148 (2009) 444–451. 
 
  -  S. Vasudevan, B.S. Kannan, J. Lakshmi, S. Mohanraj, G. Sozhan,
    Effects of alternating and direct current in electrocoagulation
    process on the removal of fluoride from water, J. Chem. Technol.
    Biotechnol., 86 (2011) 428–443. 
 
  -  O. Sahu, B. Mazumdar, P.K. Chaudhari, Treatment of wastewater
    by electrocoagulation: a review, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.,
    21 (2014) 2397–2413. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, M. Bayramoglu, M. Eyvaz, Techno-economical
    evaluation of electrocoagulation for the textile wastewater
    using different electrode connections, J. Hazard. Mater., 148
    (2007) 311–318. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, F. Ulu, U. Gebologlu, E. Demirbas, M.S. Oncel,
    Treatment of potable water containing low concentration of
    arsenic with electrocoagulation: different connection modes
    and Fe-Al electrodes, Sep. Purif. Technol., 77 (2011) 283–293. 
 
  -  S. Garcia-Segura, M.M.S.G. Eiband, J.V. Melo, C.A. Martínez-Huitle, Electrocoagulation and advanced electrocoagulation
    processes: a general review about the fundamentals, emerging
    applications and its association with other technologies,
    J. Electroanal. Chem., 801 (2017) 267–299. 
 
  -  K. Rajaniemi, J.-P. Metsävainio, V. Kuokkanen, Apparatus and
    method for treatment of various types of water and wastewater
    based on electrocoagulation, FI20165317, 2016. Available
    at:
    https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=fi_FI&FT=D&date=20171014&CC= FI&NR=20165317A&KC=A# (Accessed on 1 March 2019). 
 
  -  M. Kobya, E. Demirbas, A. Dedeli, M.T. Sensoy, Treatment
    of rinse water from zinc phosphate coating by batch and
    continuous electrocoagulation processes, J. Hazard. Mater.,
    173 (2010) 326–334. 
 
  -  T.H. Kim, C. Park, E.B. Shin, S. Kim, Decolorization of disperse
    and reactive dyes by continuous electrocoagulation process,
    Desalination, 150 (2002) 165–175. 
 
  -  L. Seng, Advanced electrocoagulation device and process of
    using the same for wastewater treatment, WO2007050041,
    2007. Available at: https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?FT=D&date=20070503&DB=&locale=fi_FI&CC=WO&NR=2007050041A1&KC=A1&ND=4 (Accessed on 1 March 2019). 
 
  -  W. Gilmore, Electrocoagulation chamber with atmospheric and
    pressurized flow regimes, WO2015187511, 2015. Available at:
    https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?CC=WO&NR=2015187511A1&KC=A1&FT=D&ND=3&date=20151210&DB=&locale=fi_FI (Accessed on 1 March 2019). 
 
  -  M. Gyoergy, L. Zsoltne, K. Robert, C. Pal, Cross flow electrolytic
    cell, particularly for electroflocculation and/or electroflotation
    purification of emulsion and/or suspension sewage, HUT63119,
    1993. Avaialble at: https://fi.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?II=0&ND=3&adjacent=true&locale=fi_FI&FT=D&date=19930728&CC=HU&NR=T63119A&KC=A (Accessed on 1 March
    2019). 
 
  -  D. Ghernaout, A. Badis, A. Kellil, B. Ghernaout, Application
    of electrocoagulation in Escherichia coli culture and two surface
    waters, Desalination, 219 (2008) 118–125. 
 
  -  J.N. Hakizimana, B. Gourich, C. Vial, P. Drogui, A. Oumani,
    J. Naja, L. Hilali, Assessment of hardness, microorganism and
    organic matter removal from seawater by electrocoagulation as
    a pretreatment of desalination by reverse osmosis, Desalination,
    393 (2016) 90–101. 
 
  -  M.H. El-Masry, O.M. Sadek, W.K. Mekhemer, Purification of
    raw surface water using electro-coagulation method, Water Air
    Soil Pollut., 158 (2004) 373–385. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, C. Ciftci, M. Bayramoglu, M.T. Sensoy, Study on the
    treatment of waste metal cutting fluids using electrocoagulation,
    Sep. Purif. Technol., 60 (2008) 285–291. 
 
  -  M. Asselin, P. Drogui, S.K. Brar, H. Benmoussa, J. Blais, Organics
    removal in oily bilgewater by electrocoagulation process,
    J. Hazard. Mater., 151 (2008) 446–455. 
 
  -  J.P. Kushwaha, V.C. Srivastava, I.D. Mall, Organics removal
    from dairy wastewater by electrochemical treatment and
    residue disposal, Sep. Purif. Technol., 76 (2010) 198–205. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, H. Hiz, E. Senturk, C. Aydiner, E. Demirbas,
    Treatment of potato chips manufacturing wastewater by
    electrocoagulation, Desalination, 190 (2006) 201–211. 
 
  -  M. Asselin, P. Drogui, H. Benmoussa, J. Blais, Effectiveness of
    electrocoagulation process in removing organic compounds
    from slaughterhouse wastewater using monopolar and bipolar
    electrolytic cells, Chemosphere, 72 (2008) 1727–1733. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, S. Delipinar, Treatment of the baker’s yeast wastewater
    by electrocoagulation, J. Hazard. Mater., 154 (2008)
    1133–1140. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, E. Demirbas, N.U. Parlak, S. Yigit, Treatment of
    cadmium and nickel electroplating rinse water by electrocoagulation,
    Environ. Technol., 31 (2010) 1471–1481. 
 
  -  M. Solak, M. Kılıç, Y. Hüseyin, A. Şencan, Removal of suspended
    solids and turbidity from marble processing wastewaters by
    electrocoagulation: comparison of electrode materials and
    electrode connection systems. J. Hazard. Mater., 172 (2009)
    345–352. 
 
  -  W. Wan, T.J. Pepping, T. Banerji, S. Chaudhari, D.E. Giammar,
    Effects of water chemistry on arsenic removal from drinking
    water by electrocoagulation, Water Res., 45 (2011) 384–392. 
 
  -  M. Behbahani, M.R.A. Moghaddam, M. Arami, Technoeconomical
    evaluation of fluoride removal by electrocoagulation
    process: optimization through response surface methodology,
    Desalination, 271 (2011) 209–218. 
 
  -  M. Karhu, V. Kuokkanen, T. Kuokkanen, J. Ramo, Bench scale
    electrocoagulation studies of bio oil-in-water and synthetic oilin-
    water emulsions, Sep. Purif. Technol., 96 (2012) 296–305. 
 
  -  B. Merzouk, B. Gourich, K. Madani, C. Vial, A. Sekki, Removal
    of a disperse red dye from synthetic wastewater by chemical
    coagulation and continuous electrocoagulation. A comparative
    study, Desalination, 272 (2011) 246–253. 
 
  -  M. Kobya, E. Gengec, E. Demirbas, Operating parameters
    and costs assessments of a real dyehouse wastewater effluent
    treated by a continuous electrocoagulation process, Chem. Eng.
    Process. Process Intensif., 101 (2015) 87–100. 
 
  -  M.M. Emamjomeh, M. Sivakumar, Fluoride removal by a
    continuous flow electrocoagulation reactor, J. Environ. Manage.,
    90 (2009) 1204–1212. 
 
  -  E. Karamati-Niaragh, M.R.A. Moghaddam, M. Mahdi, E. Nazlabadi,
    Evaluation of direct and alternating current on nitrate
    removal using a continuous electrocoagulation process: economical
    and environmental approaches through RSM, J. Environ.
    Manage., 230 (2018) 245–254. 
 
  -  K. Hendaoui, F. Ayari, I.B. Rayana, R.B. Ammar, F. Darragi,
    M. Trabelsi-Ayadi, Real indigo dyeing effluent decontamination
    using continuous electrocoagulation cell: study and optimization
    using response surface methodology, Process Saf. Environ.
    Prot., 116 (2018) 578–589. 
 
  -  E. Demirbas, M. Kobya, Operating cost and treatment of
    metalworking fluid wastewater by chemical coagulation and
    electrocoagulation processes, Process. Saf. Environ. Prot., 105 (2017)
	  79–90.