References

  1. B. Beler-Baykal, Stream segregation in household use: a review of grey water as an alternative source of water and yellow water as an alternative source of fertilizers, Water Qual. Exposure Health, 7 (2015) 27–37.
  2. B. Beler-Baykal, An Appraisal of Domestic Wastewater Segregation from the Perspective of Recovery, Recycling and Reuse, In: N. Balkaya, S. Guneysu, Eds., Recycling and Reuse Approaches for Better Sustainability, Environmental Science and Engineering, Springer, Cham, 2019, pp. 11–20.
  3. E. Nolde, Grey water reuse systems for toilet flushing in multistorey buildings over ten years experience in Berlin, Urban Water, 1 (1999) 275–284.
  4. E. Nolde, Greywater recycling systems in Germany — results, experiences and guidelines, Water Sci. Technol., 51 (2003) 203–210.
  5. P. Simha, Ganesapillai, Ecological Sanitation and nutrient recovery from human urine: How far have we come?, a review, Sustain. Environ. Res., 27 (2017) 107–116.
  6. I. Kabdasli, O. Tunay, Nutrient recovery by struvite precipitation, ion exchange and adsorption from source separated human urine – a review, Environ. Technol. Rev., 7 (2018) 106–138.
  7. R. Otterpohl, U. Braun, M. Oldenburg, Innovative technologies for decentralized water-wastewater and biowaste management in urban and peri-urban areas, Water Sci. Technol., 48 (2003) 23–31.
  8. B. Beler-Baykal, Management of Domestic Wastewater Through Segregated Streams as an Aid Towards Sustainability of Natural Resources and Sustainable Agriculture/Food Production, Chapter 11, in Engineering Approaches on Sustainability E-book, Z.S. Can et.al., Eds., IJOPEC Publication, UK, 2016.
  9. E. Giresunlu, B. Beler-Baykal, A Preliminary Investigation on Pathogenic Indicators in Segregated Domestic Wastewater Streams, IWA 12th Specialized Conference on Small Water and Wastewater Systems & 4th Specialized Conference on Resources Oriented Sanitation, November 2–4, 2014, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
  10. B. Beler-Baykal, B.A. Baykal, Past, Present and Future of Toilet Flushes – An Appraisal Through Water Scarcity, Qater Quality and “pit for Purpose” Use, 2. IWA Regional Conference on Water, Wastewater and Environment: Past, Present and Future of the World’s Water Resources, March 22–14, 2017, Cesme, Turkey.
  11. E. Giresunlu, Beler-Baykal, Tracking Pathogenic Indicators in the Grey Water Cycle for Reuse in Flushes, IWA Alternative Water Resources Conference, Conference Programme and Proceedings, pp. 18–22, May 26–28, 2015, Nanjing, China.
  12. E. Giresunlu, B. Beler-Baykal, An Appraisal of Microbiological Indicators for Grey Water Reuse as a Priority Issue, CEST 2015 14th International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, September 3–5, 2015, Rhodes, Greece.
  13. E. Giresunlu, B. Beler-Baykal, E. Afacan, A Comparative Study on Light Grey Water from Buildings with Different Functions, 8. International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, American Academy of Sciences 2016 Houston, June 6–10, 2016.
  14. E. Giresunlu, B. Beler-Baykal, A case study of the conversion of grey water to a flush water source in a Turkish student residence hall, Water Sci. Technol. Water Supply, 6 (2016) 1659–1667.
  15. B. Beler-Baykal, N. Oructut, Grey water as reliable/renewable source of water for cities of the future and an appraisal based on Istanbul, Turkey, IWA Cities of the Future Conference: Embrace the Water, June 12–14, 2017, Gothenburg, Sweden.
  16. B. Beler Baykal, An Overview of Results and Conclusions from ITU Segregated Streams/ECOSAN Research Group Experience on Grey Water Management, In: N. Balkaya, S. Guneysu, Eds., Recycling and Reuse Approaches for Better Sustainability, Environmental Science and Engineering, Springer, Cham, 2019, pp. 257–265.
  17. B. Beler Baykal, H. Efe, E. Afacan, E. Arslan, A Preliminary Survey on Public Attitude for the Reuse of Grey Water as an Alternative Source of Water in Turkey, IWA S2Small2017 Conference on Small Water & Wastewater Systems and Resources Oriented Sanitation (14th IWA Specialized Conference on Small Water and Wastewater Systems (SWWS) together with the 6th IWA Specialized Conference on Resources-Oriented Sanitation (ROS) and the 3rd International Conference Terra Preta Sanitation & Decentralized Wastewater System), October 22–26, 2017, Nantes, France.
  18. F.G. Wach, Sustainable water management and Ecological Sanitation, ZeroM lecture notes, TUBITAK MAM Research Center, Gebze, Turkey, 2007.
  19. D.A. Vaccari, Phosphorus: a looming crisis, Sci. Am., 300 (2009) 54–59.
  20. S. Daneshgar, A. Callegari, A.G. Capodaglio, D. Vaccari, The potential phosphorus crisis: resource conservation and possible escape technologies: a review, Resources MDPI, (2018).
  21. G. Kongshaug, Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas emissions in Fertilizer Production, IFA Technical Conference, Marrakech, Morocco, 28 September–1 October, 1998, 18 pp.
  22. S. Wood, A. Cowie, Review of Greenhouse Gas Emission Factors for Fertiliser Production, Research and Development Division, State Forests of New South Wales, Cooperative Research Centre for Greenhouse Accounting, for IEA Bioenergy Task, Vol. 38, 2004.
  23. C. Hoglund, Evaluation of Microbial Health Risks Associated with the Reuse of Source Separated Human Urine; PhD Thesis, Department of Biotechnology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, 2001.
  24. WHO (World Health Organization) Guidelines, Excreta and greywater use in agriculture, The safe use of wastewater, excreta and greywater, Volume IV, Switzerland 2006.
  25. M.N. Taher, Anaerobic Processing and Nutrient Recovery from Source Separated Human Urine, Master’s Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Graduate School of Science, Engineering and Technology, 2019.
  26. A.D. Allar, Alternatives for Processing Human Urine with Clinoptilolite for its Indirect Use as Fertizer (İnsan İdrarının Gübre Olarak Dolaylı Kullanımında Klinoptilolitle Muamele ve Alternatifleri), Ph.D Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 2015. (In Turkish with an extended summary in English).
  27. Z.S. Ganrot, G. Dave, E. Nilsson, Recovery of N and P from human urine by freezing, struvite precipitation and adsorption to zeolite and active carbon, Bioresour. Technol., 98 (2007) 3112–3121.
  28. B. Etter, E.R. Tilley, R. Rhadka, K.M. Udert, Low-cost struvite production using source-separated urine in Nepal, Water Res., 45 (2011) 852–862.
  29. G. Dogan, A Comparitive Study on Producing Fertilizers from Urine via Indirect Routes (Idrardan dolayli yolla gubre elde edilmesi uzerine karsilastirmali bir arastirma), Master’s Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, 2015. (In Turkish with an extended summary in English).
  30. B. Beler-Baykal, G. Dogan, Two stage processing options for enhancing total nutrient recovery from source separated human urine to be used as fertilizer, WEF IWA Nutrient Removal and Recovery NRR 2016 Denver, July 10–13, 2016.
  31. S. Basakcilardan-Kabakci, N. Ipekoglu, I. Talinli, recovery of ammonia from human urine by stripping and absorption, Environ. Eng. Sci., 24 (2007) 615–624.
  32. J.A. O’Neal, T.H. Boyer, Phosphate recovery using hybrid anion exchange: applications to source-separated urine and combined wastewater streams, Water Res., 47 (2013) 5003–5017.
  33. A. Sendrowski, T.H. Boyer, Phosphate removal from urine using hybrid anion exchange resin, Desalination, 322 (2013) 104–112.
  34. B. Beler-Baykal, S. Bayram, E. Akkaymak, S. Cinar, Removal of ammonium from human urine through ion exchange with clinoptilolite and its recovery for further reuse, Water Sci. Technol., 50 (2004) 149–156.
  35. B. Beler-Baykal, N.P. Kocaturk, A.D. Allar, B. Sari, The effect of initial loading on the removal of ammonium and potassium from source separated human urine via clinoptilolite, Water Sci. Technol., 60 (2009) 2515–2520.
  36. B. Beler-Baykal, A.D. Allar, S. Bayram, Nitrogen recovery from source separated human urine using clinoptilolite and preliminary results of its use as fertilizer, Water Sci. Technol., 63 (2011) 811–817.
  37. N.P. Kocaturk, B. Beler-Baykal, Recovery of plant nutrients from dilute solutions of human urine and preliminary investigations on pot trials, Clean, 40 (2012) 538–544.
  38. G. Dogan, E. Giresunlu, B. Beler-Baykal, A Preliminary investigation on the use of segregated wastewater streams as fertilizer and irrigational water upon pepper, August 5–9, 2017, New York, USA.
  39. A.D. Allar, B. Beler-Baykal, An investigation into the potential use of nutrients recovered from urine diversion on a summer housing site: self-sufficiency based on nitrogen balance, Water Sci. Technol., 73 (2016) 576–581.
  40. M.N. Taher, A. Basar, A.M. Abdelrahman, B. Beler-Baykal, Yellow water to aid food security – perceptions/acceptance of consumers towards urine based fertilizers EWAS 3, June 27–30, 2018, Lefkada, Greece.
  41. A.D. Allar-Emek, F.N. Yildiz-Dogan, B. Beler-Baykal, Public Perception and Acceptance of Fertilizers from Human Urine Among Turkish Citizens Holding University Degrees, 8. International Conference on Environmental Science and Technology, American Academy of Sciences, Houston, June 6–10, 2016.
  42. A. Solanki, T.H. Boyer, Pharmaceutical removal in synthetic urine using biochar, Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 3 (2017) 53.
  43. J. Awayes, S. Cavkas, M.N. Taher, B. Beler-Baykal, The Impact of Supplying Information and Awareness Raising on Public Attitude for Acceptance of Grey Water Reuse in Istanbul, 4. International Conference on Recycling and Reuse 2018 (R&R 2018), October 24–26, 2018, Istanbul, Turkey (under review for Desalination and Water Treatment).
  44. S.K.L. Ishii, T.H. Boyer, Student support and perceptions of urine source separation in a university community, Water Res., 100 (2016) 146–156.