References

  1. R. Semiat, Energy issues in desalination processes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42 (2008) 8193–8201.
  2. M. Elimelech, W.A. Phillip, The future of seawater desalination: energy, technology, and the environment, Science, 333 (2011) 712–717.
  3. D. Zhou, L. Zhu, Y. Fu, M. Zhu, L. Xue, Development of lower cost seawater desalination processes using nanofiltration technologies - a review, Desalination, 376 (2015) 109–116.
  4. P.A. Davies, Q. Yuan, R. de Richter, Desalination as a negative emissions technology, Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 4 (2018) 839–850.
  5. T. Tong, M. Elimelech, The global rise of zero liquid discharge for wastewater management: drivers, technologies, and future directions, Environ. Sci. Technol., 50 (2016) 6846–6855.
  6. P.J.J. Alvarez, C.K. Chan, M. Elimelech, N.J. Halas, D. Villagrán, Emerging opportunities for nanotechnology to enhance water security, Nat. Nanotechnol., 13 (2018) 634–641.
  7. A.G.M. Ibrahim, I. Dincer, A solar desalination system: exergetic performance assessment, Energy Convers. Manage., 101 (2015) 379–392.
  8. M.T. Ali, H.E.S. Fath, P.R. Armstrong, A comprehensive technoeconomical review of indirect solar desalination, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 15 (2011) 4187–4199.
  9. C. Li, Y. Goswami, E. Stefanakos, Solar assisted sea water desalination: a review, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 19 (2013) 136–163.
  10. M. Khayet, Solar desalination by membrane distillation: dispersion in energy consumption analysis and water production costs (a review), Desalination, 308 (2013) 89–101.
  11. H. Sharon, K.S. Reddy, A review of solar energy driven desalination technologies, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 41 (2015) 1080–1118.
  12. A. Kaushal, Varun, Solar stills: a review, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 11, (2010) 446–453.
  13. S.A. El-Agouz, Y.A.F. El-Samadony, A.E. Kabeel, Performance evaluation of a continuous flow inclined solar still desalination system, Energy Convers. Manage., 101 (2015) 606–615.
  14. V. Velmurugan, K. Srithar, Performance analysis of solar stills based on various factors affecting the productivity - a review, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 15 (2011) 1294–1304.
  15. M. Edalatpour, K. Aryana, A. Kianifar, G.N. Tiwari, O. Mahian, S. Wongwises, Solar stills: a review of the latest developments in numerical simulations, Sol. Energy, 135 (2016) 897–922.
  16. M. Gao, L. Zhu, C.K. Peh, G.W. Ho, Solar absorber material and system designs for photothermal water vaporization towards clean water and energy production, Energy Environ. Sci., 12 (2019) 841–864.
  17. Y. Lin, H. Xu, X. Shan, Y. Di, A. Zhao, Y. Hua, Z. Gan, Solar steam generation based on the photothermal effect: from designs to applications, and beyond, J. Mater. Chem. A, 7 (2019) 19203–19227.
  18. Z, Wang, T. Horseman, A.P. Straub, N.Y. Yip, D. Li, M. Elimelech, S. Lin, Pathways and challenges for efficient solar-thermal desalination, Sci. Adv., 5 (2019) eaax0763.
  19. C. Chen, Y. Kuang, L. Hu, Challenges and opportunities for solar evaporation, Joule, 3 (2019) 683–718.
  20. K. Bae, G. Kang, S.K. Cho, W. Park, K. Kim, W.J. Padilla, Flexible thin-film black gold membranes with ultrabroadband plasmonic nanofocusing for efficient solar vapour generation, Nat. Commun., 6 (2015) 10103.
  21. C. Chen, Y. Li, J. Song, Z. Yang, Y. Kuang, E. Hitz, C. Jia, A. Gong, F. Jiang, J.Y. Zhu, B. Yang, J. Xie, L. Hu, Highly flexible and efficient solar steam generation device, Adv. Mater., 29 (2017) 1701756.
  22. C. Finnerty, L. Zhang, D.L. Sedlak, K.L. Nelson, B. Mi, Synthetic graphene oxide leaf for solar desalination with zero liquid discharge, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51 (2017) 11701–11709.
  23. Y. Kuang, C. Chen, S. He, E.M. Hitz, Y. Wang, W. Gan, R. Mi, L. Hu, A high-performance self-regenerating solar evaporator for continuous water desalination, Adv. Mater., 31 (2019) 1900498.
  24. Q. Ma, P. Yin, M. Zhao, Z. Luo, Y. Huang, Q. He, Y. Yu, Z. Liu, Z. Hu, B. Chen, H. Zhang, MOF-based hierarchical structures for solar-thermal clean water production, Adv. Mater., 31 (2019) 1808249.
  25. E. Chiavazzo, M. Morciano, F. Viglino, M. Fasano, P. Asinari, Passive solar high-yield seawater desalination by modular and low-cost distillation, Nat. Sustainability, 1 (2018) 763–772.
  26. G. Xue, Q. Chen, S. Lin, J. Duan, P. Yang, K. Liu, J. Li, J. Zhou, Highly efficient water harvesting with optimized solar thermal membrane distillation device, Global Challen., 2 (2018) 1800001.
  27. M. Fujiwara, T. Imura, Photo induced membrane separation for water purification and desalination using azobenzene modified anodized alumina membranes, ACS Nano, 9 (2015) 5705–5712.
  28. M. Fujiwara, Water desalination using visible light by disperse red 1 modified PTFE membrane, Desalination, 404 (2017) 79–86.
  29. M. Fujiwara, M. Kikuchi, Solar desalination of seawater using double-dye-modified PTFE membrane, Water Res., 127 (2017) 96–103.
  30. L. Eykens, K. De Sitter, C. Dotremont, L. Pinoy, B. Van der Bruggen, Membrane synthesis for membrane distillation: a review, Sep. Purif. Technol., 182 (2017) 36–51.
  31. P. Wang, T.-S. Chung, Recent advances in membrane distillation processes: membrane development, configuration design and application exploring, J. Membr. Sci., 474 (2015) 39–56.
  32. L.M. Camacho, L. Dumee, J. Zhang, J. Li, M. Duke, J. Gomez, S. Gray, Advances in membrane distillation for water desalination and purification applications, Water, 5 (2013) 94–196.
  33. E. Jéquier, F. Constant, Water as an essential nutrient: the physiological basis of hydration, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr., 64 (2010) 115–123.
  34. M. Fujiwara, K. Tomita, M. Kikuchi, Seawater desalination with light energy incorporating artificial transpiration stream using gas injection tube, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 92 (2019) 1024–1031.
  35. M. Akiba, A. Hotta, R. Kojo, Characterization of salt deposit layer growth and prediction of cladding temperature of heated rod bundles under long-term seawater injection and pool boiling conditions, Nucl. Eng. Des., 337 (2018) 378–393.
  36. B.K. Pramanik, L. Shua, V. Jegatheesan, A review of the management and treatment of brine solutions, Environ. Sci. Water Res. Technol., 3 (2017) 625–658.