References

  1. G.M. Masters, P.E. Wendell, Introduction to Environmental Engineering and Science, Pearson New International Edition, Pearson Education Limited, Swiss, 2013.
  2. J. Liu, L. Zhang, Z. Liu, Environmental Pollution Control, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG, Germany, 2017.
  3. J. Sokolowska-Gajda, H.S. Freeman, A. Reife, Synthetic dyes based on environmental considerations. Part 2: iron complexes formazan dyes, Dyes Pigm., 30 (1996) 1–20.
  4. A. Boucherdoud, B. Bestani, N. Benderdouche, L. Duclaux, The use of calcium alginate-activated carbon composite material in fixed-bed columns for methylene blue removal from wastewater, Desal. Water Treat., 154 (2019) 356–368.
  5. K. Larbi, N. Benderdouche, L. Reinert, J.M. Leveque, S. Delpeux- Ouldriane, M. Benadjemia, B. Bestani, L. Duclaux, Tailored activated carbons prepared by phosphoric activation of apricot, date and loquat stones and their mixtures; relation between the pore size and the composition in biopolymer, Desal. Water Treat., 120 (2018) 217–227.
  6. R.M. Christie, Environmental Aspects of Textile Dyeing, Woodhead Publishing Limited, Elsevier, England, 2007.
  7. M.C. Collivignarelli, A. Abbà, M.C. Miino, S. Damiani, Treatments for color removal from wastewater: state of the art, J. Environ. Manage., 236 (2019) 727–745.
  8. M.A.M. Salleh, D.K. Mahmoud, W.A.W.A. Karim, A. Idris, Cationic and anionic dye adsorption by agricultural solid wastes: a comprehensive review, Desalination., 280 (2011) 1–13.
  9. K.G. Pavithra, K.P. Senthil, V. Jaikumar, R.P. Sundar, Removal of colorants from wastewater: a review on sources and treatment strategies, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 75 (2019) 1–19.
  10. S. Karimifard, M.R. Alavi Moghaddam, Application of response surface methodology in physicochemical removal of dyes from wastewater: a critical review, Sci. Total Environ., 640–641 (2018) 772–797.
  11. E. Brillas, C.A. Martínez-Huitle, Decontamination of wastewaters containing synthetic organic dyes by electrochemical methods. An updated review, Appl. Catal., B, 166–167 (2015) 603–643.
  12. Y. Zhou, J. Lu, Y. Zhou, Y. Liu, Recent advances for dyes removal using novel adsorbents: a review, Environ. Pollut., 252 (2019) 352–365.
  13. K. Nadafi, M. Vosoughi, A. Asadi, M.O. Borna, M. Shirmardi, Reactive red 120 dye removal from aqueous solution by adsorption on nano-alumina, J. Water Chem. Technol., 36 (2014) 125–133.
  14. T.S. Kazeem, S.A. Lateef, S.A. Ganiyu, M. Qamaruddin, A. Tanimu, K.O. Sulaiman, S.M. Sajid Jillani, K. Alhooshani, Aluminium-modified activated carbon as efficient adsorbent for cleaning of cationic dye in wastewater, J. Cleaner Prod., 205 (2018) 303–312.
  15. M. Manconi, S. Mura, M.L. Manca, A.M. Fadda, M. Dolz, M.J. Hernandez, A. Casanovas, O. Díez-Sales, Chitosomes as drug delivery systems for C-phycocyanin: preparation and characterization, Int. J. Pharm., 392 (2010) 92–100.
  16. K.H. Chu, Removal of copper from aqueous solution by chitosan in prawn shell: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics, J. Hazard. Mater., 90 (2002) 77–95.
  17. J. Synowiecki, N.A. Al-Khateeb, Production, properties, and some new applications of chitin and its derivatives, Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 43 (2003) 145–171.
  18. M. Rinaudo, Chitin and chitosan: properties and applications, Prog. Polym. Sci., 31 (2006) 603–632.
  19. J.R. Rangel-Mendez, R. Monroy-Zepeda, E. Leyva-Ramos, P.E. Diaz-Flores, K. Shirai, Chitosan selectivity for removing cadmium (II), copper (II), and lead (II) from aqueous phase: pH and organic matter effect, J. Hazard. Mater., 162 (2009) 503–511.
  20. F.S.C. dos Anjos, E.F.S. Vieira, A.R. Cestari, Interaction of indigo carmine dye with chitosan evaluated by adsorption and thermochemical data, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 253 (2002) 243–246.
  21. T.K. Saha, S. Karmaker, H. Ichikawa, Y. Fukumori, Mechanisms and kinetics of trisodium 2-hydroxy-1,1'-azonaphthalene-3,4', 6-trisulfonate adsorption onto chitosan, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 286 (2005) 433–439.
  22. A. Percot, C. Viton, A. Domard, Optimization of chitin extraction from shrimp shells, Biomacromolecules, 4 (2003) 12–18.
  23. F.A.A. Sagheer, M.A. Al-Sughayer, S. Muslim, M.Z. Elsabee, Extraction and characterization of chitin and chitosan from marine sources in Arabian Gulf, Carbohydr. Polym., 77 (2009) 410–419.
  24. R. Czechowska-Biskup, R.A. Wach, J.M. Rosiak, P. Ulański, procedure for determination of the molecular weight of chitosan by viscometry, Prog. Chem. Appl. Chitin Deriv., 17 (2018) 45–54.
  25. A. Domard, M. Rinaudo, Preparation and characterization of fully deacetylated chitosan, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 5 (1986) 49–52.
  26. V. Mohanasrinivasan, M. Mishra, J.S. Paliwal, S.K. Singh, E. Selvarajan, V. Suganthi, C. Subathra Devi, Studies on heavy metal removal efficiency and antibacterial activity of chitosan prepared from shrimp shell waste, 3 Biotech., 4 (2013) 167–175.
  27. S. Lagergren, About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances, Kungl Svenska Vetenskapsakad. Handl., 24 (1898) 1–39.
  28. H. Yuh-Shan, Citation review of Lagergren kinetic rate equation on adsorption reactions, Scientometrics, 59 (2004) 171–177.
  29. E. Bulut, M. Özacar, İ.A. Şengil, Equilibrium and kinetic data and process design for adsorption of congo red onto bentonite, J. Hazard. Mater., 154 (2008) 613–622.
  30. Y. Ho, G. McKay, Pseudo-second-order model for sorption processes, Process Biochem., 34 (1999) 451–465.
  31. W.J. Weber, J.C. Morris, Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, J. Sanit. Eng. Div., 89 (1963) 31–60.
  32. I. Langmuir, The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 40 (1918) 1361–1403.
  33. H. Freundlich, Oberflächeneinflüsse beim Bler und bei der Bierbereitung, Zeit Chem Ind Kol., 1 (1906) 152–152.
  34. F.-C. Wu, R.-L. Tseng, R.-S. Juang, Preparation of activated carbons from bamboo and their adsorption abilities for dyes and phenol, J. Environ. Sci. Health., Part A, 34 (1999) 1753–1775.
  35. B.V. Babu, S. Gupta, Adsorption of Cr(VI) using activated neem leaves: kinetic studies, Adsorption, 14 (2007) 85–92.
  36. K.R. Hall, L.C. Eagleton, A. Acrivos, T. Vermeulen, Pore- and solid-diffusion kinetics in fixed-bed adsorption under constantpattern conditions, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam., 5 (1966) 212–223.
  37. M.B. Desta, Batch sorption experiments: Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm studies for the adsorption of textile metal ions onto teff straw (Eragrostis tef) agricultural waste, J. Thermodyn., 2013 (2013) 1–6.
  38. L.S. Campbell, B.E. Davies, Soil sorption of caesium modelled by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations, Appl. Geochem., 10 (1995) 715–723.
  39. A.O. Dada, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms studies of equilibrium sorption of Zn2+ unto phosphoric acid modified rice husk, IOSR J. Appl. Chem., 3 (2012) 38–45.
  40. K.Y. Foo, B.H. Hameed, Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems, Chem. Eng. J., 156 (2010) 2–10.
  41. C.A. Coles, R.N. Yong, Use of equilibrium and initial metal concentrations in determining Freundlich isotherms for soils and sediments, Eng. Geol., 85 (2006) 19–25.
  42. L. Fan, C. Luo, M. Sun, X. Li, H. Qiu, Highly selective adsorption of lead ions by water-dispersible magnetic chitosan/graphene oxide composites, Colloids Surf., B, 103 (2013) 523–529.
  43. N. Sakkayawong, P. Thiravetyan, W. Nakbanpote, Adsorption mechanism of synthetic reactive dye wastewater by chitosan, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 286 (2005) 36–42.
  44. X.-Y. Huang, J.-P. Bin, H.-T. Bu, G.-B. Jiang, M.-H. Zeng, Removal of anionic dye eosin Y from aqueous solution using ethylenediamine modified chitosan, Carbohydr. Polym., 84 (2011) 1350–1356.
  45. A.H. Jawad, N.N.A. Malek, A.S. Abdulhameed, R. Razuan, Synthesis of magnetic chitosan-fly ash/Fe3O4 composite for adsorption of reactive orange 16 dye: optimization by Box–Behnken design, J. Polym. Environ., 8 (2020) 1068–1082.
  46. N.N.A. Malek, A.H. Jawad, A.S. Abdulhameed, K. Ismail, B.H. Hameed, New magnetic Schiff’s base-chitosan-glyoxal/fly ash/Fe3O4 biocomposite for the removal of anionic azo dye: an optimized process, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 146 (2020) 530–539
  47. M. Rinaudo, G. Pavlov, J. Desbrières, Influence of acetic acid concentration on the solubilization of chitosan, Polymer, 40 (1999) 7029–7032.
  48. L. Yan-Rung, C. Jung-Hao, T. Wei-Lun, C. Chia-Hung, L. Hao-Wu, A high efficiency UV-VIS organic photodetector by an inverted PTB7: PC71BM bulk heterojunction structure, IEEE Sensors, Busan, South Korea, 2015, pp. 1–3.
  49. J. Brugnerotto, J. Lizardi, F.M. Goycoolea, W. Argüelles-Monal, J. Desbrières, M. Rinaudo, An infrared investigation in relation with chitin and chitosan characterization, Polymer, 42 (2001) 3569–3580.
  50. A. Kucukgulmez, M. Celik, Y. Yanar, D. Sen, H. Polat, A.E. Kadak, Physicochemical characterization of chitosan extracted from Metapenaeus stebbingi shells, Food Chem., 126 (2001) 1144–1148.
  51. V.K. Singh, A.B. Soni, R.K. Singh, Comparative study of central composite and Box-Behnken design for the optimization of malachite green dye adsorption onto Sal seed activated char, J. Environ. Biol., 38 (2017) 849–858.
  52. H. Zhu, M. Zhang, Y. Liu, L. Zhang, R. Han, Study of congo red adsorption onto chitosan coated magnetic iron oxide in batch mode, Desal. Water Treat., 37 (2012) 46–54.
  53. L. Wang, A. Wang, Adsorption characteristics of congo red onto the chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposite, J. Hazard. Mater., 147 (2007) 979–985.
  54. D.H.K. Reddy, S.-M. Lee, Application of magnetic chitosan composites for the removal of toxic metal and dyes from aqueous solutions, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 201 (2013) 68–93.
  55. H.-Y. Zhu, R. Jiang, L. Xiao, Adsorption of an anionic azo dye by chitosan/kaolin/γ-Fe2O3 composites, Appl. Clay Sci., 48 (2010) 522–526.
  56. Y. Bulut, H. Karaer, Adsorption of methylene blue from aqueous solution by crosslinked chitosan/bentonite composite, J. Dispersion Sci. Technol., 36 (2014) 61–67.
  57. G. Rojas, J. Silva, J.A. Flores, A. Rodriguez, M. Ly, H. Maldonado, Adsorption of chromium onto cross-linked chitosan, Sep. Purif. Technol., 44 (2005) 31–36.
  58. G. Crini, Kinetic and equilibrium studies on the removal of cationic dyes from aqueous solution by adsorption onto a cyclodextrin polymer, Dyes Pigm., 77 (2008) 415–426.
  59. I. Rahmi, M. Irfan, Methylene blue removal from water using H2SO4 crosslinked magnetic chitosan nanocomposite beads, Microchem. J., 144 (2019) 397–402.
  60. S.K. Theydan, M.J. Ahmed, Adsorption of methylene blue onto biomass-based activated carbon by FeCl3 activation: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 97 (2012) 116–122.
  61. Y. Shen, L. Li, K. Xiao, J. Xi, Constructing three-dimensional hierarchical architectures by integrating carbon nanofibers into graphite felts for water purification, ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 4 (2016) 2351−2358.
  62. I.M. Lipatova, L.I. Makarova, A.A. Yusova, Adsorption removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions by chitosan nanoparticles deposited on the fibrous carrier, Chemosphere, 212 (2008) 1155–1162.
  63. Y. Chen, W. Long, H. Xu, Efficient removal of acid red 18 from aqueous solution by in-situ polymerization of polypyrrolechitosan composites, J. Mol. Liq., 287 (2019) 110888.
  64. R.D.C. Soltani, A.R. Khataee, M. Safari, S.W. Joo, Preparation of bio-silica/chitosan nanocomposite for adsorption of a textile dye in aqueous solutions, Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad., 85 (2013) 383–391.