References

  1. M.A. Shannon, P.W. Bohn, M. Elimelech, J.G. Georgiadis, B.J. Marinas, A.M. Mayes, Science and technology for water purification in the coming decades, Nature, 452 (2008) 301–310.
  2. D.W. Kolpin, E.T. Furlong, M.T. Meyer, E.M. Thurman, S.D. Zaugg, L.B. Barber, H.T. Buxton, Pharmaceuticals, hormones, and other organic wastewater contaminants in U.S. streams, 1999−2000: a national reconnaissance, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36 (2002) 1202–1211.
  3. C.-H.C.J.-Y. Lee, S. Cheng, H.-Y. Li, Adsorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) metal ions on functionalized large-pore mesoporous silica, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 13 (2016) 65–76.
  4. J. Chung, J. Chun, J. Lee, S.H. Lee, Y.J. Lee, S.W. Hong, Sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) onto multi-amine grafted mesoporous silica embedded with nano-magnetite: effects of steric factors, J. Hazard. Mater., 239–240 (2012) 183–191.
  5. J. Khan, B.P. Tripathi, A. Saxena, V.K. Shahi, Electrochemical membrane reactor: In situ separation and recovery of chromic acid and metal ions, Electrochim. Acta, 52 (2007) 6719–6727.
  6. D.H. Kim, A review of desalting process techniques and economic analysis of the recovery of salts from retentates, Desalination, 270 (2011) 1–8.
  7. F. Smagghe, J. Mourgues, J.L. Escudier, T. Conte, J. Molinier, C. Malmary, Recovery of calcium tartrate and calcium malate in effluents from grape sugar production by electrodialysis, Bioresour. Technol., 39 (1992) 185–189.
  8. G.S. Gohil, V.V. Binsu, V.K. Shahi, Preparation and characterization of mono-valent ion selective polypyrrole composite ion-exchange membranes, J. Membr. Sci., 280 (2006) 210–218.
  9. Y.-x. Jia, F.-j. Li, X. Chen, M. Wang, Model analysis on electrodialysis for inorganic acid recovery and its experimental validation, Sep. Purif. Technol., 190 (2018) 261–267.
  10. L. Wang, Z. Li, Z. Xu, F. Zhang, J.E. Efome, N. Li, Proton blockage membrane with tertiary amine groups for concentration of sulfonic acid in electrodialysis, J. Membr. Sci., 555 (2018) 78–87.
  11. Y.S. Mahajan, A.K. Shah, R.S. Kamath, N.B. Salve, S.M. Mahajani, Recovery of trifluoroacetic acid from dilute aqueous solutions by reactive distillation, Sep. Purif. Technol., 59 (2008) 58–66.
  12. A. Nare􀉢bska, A. Warszawski, Diffusion dialysis transport phenomena by irreversible thermodynamics, J. Membr. Sci., 88 (1994) 167–175.
  13. F. Fu, Q. Wang, Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review, J. Environ. Manage., 92 (2011) 407–418.
  14. B. Saha, S.P. Chopade, S.M. Mahajani, Recovery of dilute acetic acid through esterification in a reactive distillation column, Catal. Today, 60 (2000) 147–157.
  15. H.-S. Park, D.-H. Kim, J.-S. Park, S.-H. Moon, Y. Lee, K.-H. Yeon, M.-S. Kang, Surface modification and use of polymer complex agents to mitigate metal crossover of anion-exchange membranes, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 430 (2014) 24–30.
  16. J. Pan, Y. He, L. Wu, C. Jiang, B. Wu, A.N. Mondal, C. Cheng, T. Xu, Anion exchange membranes from hot-pressed electrospun QPPO–SiO2 hybrid nanofibers for acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 480 (2015) 115–121.
  17. J. Pan, L. Ge, X. Lin, L. Wu, B. Wu, T. Xu, Cation exchange membranes from hot-pressed electrospun sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) nanofibers for alkali recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 470 (2014) 479–485.
  18. M. German, A.K. SenGupta, J. Greenleaf, Hydrogen ion (H+) in waste acid as a driver for environmentally sustainable processes: opportunities and challenges, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47 (2013) 2145–2150.
  19. J. Wiśniewski, G. Wiśniewska, Water and acid recovery from the rinse after metal etching operations, Hydrometallurgy, 53 (1999) 105–119.
  20. S. Jung Oh, S.-H. Moon, T. Davis, Effects of metal ions on diffusion dialysis of inorganic acids, J. Membr. Sci., 169 (2000) 95–105.
  21. J. Luo, C. Wu, Y. Wu, T. Xu, Diffusion dialysis of hydrochloric acid with their salts: effect of co-existence metal ions, Sep. Purif. Technol., 118 (2013) 716–722.
  22. Y. He, J. Pan, L. Wu, L. Ge, T. Xu, Facile preparation of 1,8-Diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene based high performance anion exchange membranes for diffusion dialysis applications, J. Membr. Sci., 491 (2015) 45–52.
  23. T. Xu, Ion exchange membranes: state of their development and perspective, J. Membr. Sci., 263 (2005) 1–29.
  24. A. Agrawal, K.K. Sahu, An overview of the recovery of acid from spent acidic solutions from steel and electroplating industries, J. Hazard. Mater., 171 (2009) 61–75.
  25. E. Bakangura, C. Cheng, L. Wu, Y. He, X. Ge, J. Ran, K. Emmanuel, T. Xu, Highly charged hierarchically structured porous anion exchange membranes with excellent performance, J. Membr. Sci., 515 (2016) 154–162.
  26. Z. Palatý, H. Bendová, Continuous dialysis of sulphuric acid and sodium sulphate mixture, J. Membr. Sci., 497 (2016) 36–46.
  27. L. Wang, F. Zhang, Z. Li, J. Liao, Y. Huang, Y. Lei, N. Li, Mixedcharge poly(2,6-dimethyl-phenylene oxide) anion exchange membrane for diffusion dialysis in acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 549 (2018) 543–549.
  28. C.A. Vivek Chavan, V C Adya, Ashok Kumar Pandey, Hybrid organic-inorganic anion-exchange pore-filled membranes for the recovery of nitric acid from highly acidic aqueous waste streams, Water Res., 133 (2018) 87–98.
  29. Z. Palatý, H. Bendová, Continuous dialysis of mixture of inorganic acids, Sep. Purif. Technol., 172 (2017) 277–284.
  30. P.K. Prajapati, N.N. Reddy, R. Nimiwal, P.S. Singh, S. Adimurthy, R.K. Nagarale, Polyaniline@porous polypropylene for efficient separation of acid by diffusion dialysis, Sep. Purif. Technol., 233 (2020) 115989.
  31. J.R. Varcoe, P. Atanassov, D.R. Dekel, A.M. Herring, M.A. Hickner, P.A. Kohl, A.R. Kucernak, W.E. Mustain, K. Nijmeijer, K. Scott, Anion-exchange membranes in electrochemical energy systems, Energy Environ. Sci., 7 (2014) 3135–3191.
  32. J. Ran, L. Wu, Y. Ru, M. Hu, L. Din, T. Xu, Anion exchange membranes (AEMs) based on poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (PPO) and its derivatives, Polym. Chem., 6 (2015) 5809–5826.
  33. M. Irfan, N.U. Afsar, E. Bakangura, A.N. Mondal, M.I. Khan, K. Emmanuel, Z. Yang, L. Wu, T. Xu, Development of novel PVA-QUDAP based anion exchange membranes for diffusion dialysis and theoretical analysis therein, Sep. Purif. Technol., 178 (2017) 269–278.
  34. J. Luo, C. Wu, T. Xu, Y. Wu, Diffusion dialysis-concept, principle and applications, J. Membr. Sci., 366 (2011) 1–16.
  35. M. Irfan, E. Bakangura, N.U. Afsar, M.M. Hossain, J. Ran, T. Xu, Preparation and performance evaluation of novel alkaline stable anion exchange membranes, J. Power Sources, 355 (2017) 171–180.
  36. M. Irfan, N.U. Afsar, Y. Wang, T. Xu, Investigation of key process parameters in acid recovery for diffusion dialysis using novel (MDMH-QPPO) anion exchange membranes, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng., 93 (2018) 405–413.
  37. W.H. Khushefati, N.U. Ahmed, M.A. Alim, Review on the potential applications of ge-ofoam material in Saudi Arabia for highways and building construction, J. King Abdul Aziz Univ. Eng. Sci., 26 (2015) 23–47.
  38. J. Zhou, M. Unlu, J.A. Vega, P.A. Kohl, Anionic polysulfone ionomers and membranes containing fluorenyl groups for anionic fuel cells, J. Power Sources, 190 (2009) 285–292.
  39. E. Shamsaei, Z.-X. Low, X. Lin, A. Mayahi, H. Liu, X. Zhang, J. Zhe Liu, H. Wang, Rapid synthesis of ultrathin, defectfree ZIF-8 membranes via chemical vapour modification of a polymeric support, Chem. Commun., 51 (2015) 11474–11477.
  40. N.U. Afsar, B. Erigene, M. Irfan, B. Wu, T. Xu, W. Ji, K. Emmanuel, L. Ge, T. Xu, High performance anion exchange membrane with proton transport pathways for diffusion dialysis, Sep. Purif. Technol., 193 (2018) 11–20.
  41. W. Ji, B. Wu, Y. Zhu, M. Irfan, N. Ul Afsar, L. Ge, T. Xu, Selforganized nanostructured anion exchange membranes for acid recovery, Chem. Eng. J., 382 (2020) 122838.
  42. X. Lin, E. Shamsaei, B. Kong, J.Z. Liu, T. Xu, H. Wang, Fabrication of asymmetrical diffusion dialysis membranes for rapid acid recovery with high purity, J. Mater. Chem. A, 3 (2015) 24000–24007.
  43. M.I. Khan, A.N. Mondal, K. Emmanuel, M.M. Hossain, N.U. Afsar, L. Wu, T. Xu, Preparation of pyrrolidinium-based anion-exchange membranes for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis, Sep. Sci. Technol., 51 (2016) 1881–1890.
  44. J. Feng, J. Chen, B. Wei, S. Liao, Y. Yu, X. Li, Series-connected hexacations cross-linked anion exchange membranes for diffusion dialysis in acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 570–571 (2019) 120–129.
  45. A.N. Mondal, C. Cheng, Z. Yao, J. Pan, M.M. Hossain, M.I. Khan, Z. Yang, L. Wu, T. Xu, Novel quaternized aromatic amine based hybrid PVA membranes for acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 490 (2015) 29–37.
  46. K. Emmanuel, C. Cheng, B. Erigene, A.N. Mondal, M.M. Hossain, M.I. Khan, N.U. Afsar, G. Liang, L. Wu, T. Xu, Imidazolium functionalized anion exchange membrane blended with PVA for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis process, J. Membr. Sci., 497 (2016) 209–215.
  47. N. Li, T. Yan, Z. Li, T. Thurn-Albrecht, W.H. Binder, Combshaped polymers to enhance hydroxide transport in anion exchange membranes, Energy Environ. Sci., 5 (2012) 7888–7892.
  48. N.A. Qaisrani, L. Ma, J. Liu, M. Hussain, L. Li, P. Li, S. Gong, F. Zhang, G. He, Anion exchange membrane with a novel quaternized ammonium containing long ether substituent, J. Membr. Sci., 581 (2019) 293–302.
  49. J. Ran, L. Ding, D. Yu, X. Zhang, M. Hu, L. Wu, T. Xu, A novel strategy to construct highly conductive and stabilized anionic channels by fluorocarbon grafted polymers, J. Membr. Sci., 549 (2018) 631–637.
  50. T. Xu, W. Yang, Fundamental studies of a new series of anion exchange membranes: membrane preparation and characterization, J. Membr. Sci., 190 (2001) 159–166.
  51. C.G. Arges, L. Wang, M.-s. Jung, V. Ramani, Mechanically stable poly(arylene ether) anion exchange membranes prepared from commercially available polymers for alkaline electrochemical devices, J. Electrochem. Soc., 162 (2015) F686–F693.
  52. Y. Li, T. Xu, M. Gong, Fundamental studies of a new series of anion exchange membranes: membranes prepared from bromomethylated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide) (BPPO) and pyridine, J. Membr. Sci., 279 (2006) 200–208.
  53. H.-S. Dang, P. Jannasch, A comparative study of anion-exchange membranes tethered with different hetero-cycloaliphatic quaternary ammonium hydroxides, J. Mater. Chem. A, 5 (2017) 21965–21978.
  54. K. Emmanuel, C. Cheng, A.N. Mondal, B. Erigene, M.M. Hossain, N.U. Afsar, M.I. Khan, L. Wu, T. Xu, Covalently cross-linked pyridinium based AEMs with aromatic pendant groups for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis, Sep. Purif. Technol., 164 (2016) 125–131.
  55. M.I. Khan, M. Khraisheh, F. Almomani, Fabrication and characterization of pyridinium functionalized anion exchange membranes for acid recovery, Sci. Total Environ., 686 (2019) 90–96.
  56. P.P. Sharma, V. Yadav, A. Rajput, V. Kulshrestha, Poly(triethoxyvinylsilane-co-quaternaryvinylbenzylchloride)/ fGNR based anion exchange membrane and its application towards salt and acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 556 (2018) 303–311.
  57. C. Cheng, Z. Yang, Y. He, A.N. Mondal, E. Bakangura, T. Xu, Diffusion dialysis membranes with semi-interpenetrating network for acid recovery, J. Membr. Sci., 493 (2015) 645–653.
  58. C. Cheng, Z. Yang, J. Pan, B. Tong, T. Xu, Facile and cost effective PVA based hybrid membrane fabrication for acid recovery, Sep. Purif. Technol., 136 (2014) 250–257.
  59. Y. Wu, C. Wu, Y. Li, T. Xu, Y. Fu, PVA–silica anion-exchange hybrid membranes prepared through a copolymer crosslinking agent, J. Membr. Sci., 350 (2010) 322–332.
  60. Y. Wu, J. Luo, C. Wu, T. Xu, Y. Fu, Bionic Multisilicon copolymers used as novel cross-linking agents for preparing anion exchange hybrid membranes, J. Phys. Chem. B, 115 (2011) 6474–6483.
  61. C. Wu, Y. Wu, J. Luo, T. Xu, Y. Fu, Anion exchange hybrid membranes from PVA and multi-alkoxy silicon copolymer tailored for diffusion dialysis process, J. Membr. Sci., 356 (2010) 96–104.
  62. J. Luo, C. Wu, Y. Wu, T. Xu, Diffusion dialysis of hydrochloride acid at different temperatures using PPO–SiO2 hybrid anion exchange membranes, J. Membr. Sci., 347 (2010) 240–249.
  63. M.I. Khan, R. Luque, P. Prinsen, A. Ur Rehman, S. Anjum, M. Nawaz, A. Shaheen, S. Zafar, M. Mustaqeem, BPPO-based anion exchange membranes for acid recovery via diffusion dialysis, Materials, 10 (2017) 266.