References

1. V.C. Renge, S.V. Khedkar, S.V. Pande, Removal of heavy metals from wastewater using low cost adsorbents, Sci. Revs. Chem. Commun., 2 (2012) 580–584.
2. P. Govind, S. Madhuri, Heavy metals causing toxicity in animals and fishes, Res. J. Anim. Vet. Fishery Sci., 2 (2014) 17–23.
3. K.S. Rao, M. Mohapatra, S. Anand, P. Venkateswarlu, Review on cadmium removal from aqueous solutions, Int. J. Eng. Sci. Technol., 2 (2010) 81–103.
4. M.B. Lohani, A. Singh, D.C. Rupainwar, D.N. Dhar, Seasonal variations of heavy metal contamination in river Gomti of Lucknow city region, Environ. Monit. Assess., 147 (2008) 253–263.
5. M.S. Zubillaga, R.S. Lavado, Accumulation and movement of four potentially toxic elements in soils throughout five Years, during and after biosolid application, Am. J. Environ. Sci., 4 (2008) 576–582.
6. C. Tocchi, E. Federici, L. Fidati, R. Manzi, V. Vincigurerra, M. Petruccioli, Aerobic treatment of dairy wastewater in an industrial three-reactor plant: effect of aeration regime on performances and on protozoan and bacterial communities, Water Res., 46 (2012) 3334–3344.
7. F. Fu, Q. Wang, Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review, J. Environ. Manage., 92 (2011) 407–418.
8. L. Wang, X.Z. Yuan, H. Zhong, H. Wang, Z. Wu, X. Chen, G. Zeng, Release behavior of heavy metals during treatment of dredged sediment by microwave-assisted hydrogen peroxide oxidation, Chem. Eng. J., 258 (2014)334–340.
9. R. Hua, Z. Li, Sulfhydryl functionalized hydrogel with magnetism: synthesis, characterization and adsorption behavior study for heavy metal removal, Chem. Eng. J., 249 (2014) 189–200.
10. X. Ma, X. Liu, D. Anderson, P. Chang, Modification of porous starch for the adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution, Food Chem., 181 (2015) 133–139.
11. C. Pires, A. Marques, A. Guerreiro, N. Magan, P. Castro, Removal of heavy metals using different polymer matrixes as support for bacterial immobilization, J. Hazard. Mater., 191 (2011) 277–286.
12. M. Karnib, A. Kabbani, H. Holail, H.Z. Olama, Heavy metals removal using activated carbon: silica and silica activated carbon composite, Energy Procedia, 50 (2014) 113–120.
13. P.N. Diagboya, E.D. Dikio, Dynamics of mercury solid phase extraction using Barbula lambarenensis, Environ. Technol. Innov., 9 (2018) 275–284.
14. L. Qian, B. Chen, Dual role of biochars as adsorbents for aluminum: the effects of oxygen-containing organic components and the scattering of silicate particles, Environ. Sci. Technol., 47 (2013) 8759–8768.
15. X. Tan, Y. Liu, G. Zeng, X. Wang, X. Hu, Y. Gu, Z. Yang, Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions, Chemosphere, 125 (2015) 70–85.
16. S. Abit, C. Bolster, P. Cai, S. Walker. Influence of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature of biochar amendments on transport of Escherichia, Environ. Sci. Technol., 46 (2012) 8097–8105.
17. S.P. Sohi, Carbon storage with benefits, Science, 338 (2012) 1034–1035.
18. Y. Xue, B. Gao, Y. Yao, M. Inyang, M. Zhang, A. Zimmerman, K. Ro, Hydrogen peroxide modification enhances the ability of biochar (hydrochar) produced from hydrothermal carbonization of peanut hull to remove aqueous heavy metals: batch and column tests, Chem. Eng. J., 200 (2012) 673–680.
19. R.M. Ali, H.A. Hamad, M.M. Hussein, G.F. Malash, Potential of using green adsorbent of heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions: adsorption kinetics, isotherm, thermodynamic, mechanism and economic analysis, Ecol. Eng., 91 (2016) 317–332.
20. Y. Zhou, B. Gao, A. Zimmerman, J. Fang, Y. Sun, X. Cao, Sorption of heavy metals on chitosan-modified biochars and its biological effects, Chem. Eng. J., 231 (2013) 512–518.
21. H. Wang, B. Gao, S. Wang, J. Fang, Y. Xue, K. Yang, Removal of Pb (II), Cu (II), and Cd (II) from aqueous solutions by biochar derived from KMnO₄ treated hickory wood, Bioresour. Technol., 197 (2015) 356–362.
22. B.I. Olu-Owolabi, P.N. Diagboyaa, W.C. Ebaddan, Mechanism of Pb²⁺ removal from aqueous solution using a nonliving moss biomass. Chem. Eng. J., 196 (2012) 270–275.
23. C.P. Okoli, P.N. Diagboy, I.O. Anigbogu, B.I. Olu-Owolabi, K.O. Adebowale, Competitive biosorption of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous solutions using chemically modified moss biomass (Barbula lambarenensis), Environ. Earth Sci., 76 (2017) 33.
24. A. Habib, N. Islam, A. Islam, A. Alam, Removal of copper from aqueous solution using orange peel sawdust and bagasse, Pak. J. Anal. Environ. Chem., 8 (2007) 21–25.
25. N. Azouaou, Z. Sadaoui, A. Djaafri, H. Mokaddem, Adsorption of cadmium from aqueous solution onto untreated coffee grounds: equilibrium, kinetics and thermodynamics, J. Hazard. Mater., 184 (2010) 126–134.
26. O.O. Abdulrasaq, O.G. Basiru, Removal of copper (II), iron (III) and lead (II) ions from mono-component simulated waste effluent by adsorption on coconut husk, Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 4 (2010) 382–387.
27. H.J. He, Z.H. Xiang, X.J. Chen, H. Chen, H. Huang, M. Wen, C.P. Yang. Biosorption of Cd(II) from synthetic wastewater using dry biofilms from biotrickling filters, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 15 (2018) 1491–1500.
28. H.I. Chieng, T. Zehra, L.B. Lim, N. Priyantha, D.T. Tennakoon, Sorption characteristics of peat of Brunei Darussalam IV: Equilibrium, thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption of methylene blue and malachite green dyes from aqueous solution, Environ. Earth Sci., 72 (2014) 2263–2277.
29. Y. Huang, C. Yang, Z. Sun, G. Zeng, H. He, Removal of cadmium and lead from aqueous solutions using nitrilotriacetic acid anhydride modified ligno-cellulosic material, RSC Adv., 5 (2015) 11475–11484.
30. E. Guechi, O. Hamdaoui, Evaluation of potato peel as a novel adsorbent for the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions: equilibrium, kinetic, and thermodynamic studies, Desal. Water Treat., 1 (2015) 12.
31. Y. Zhu, A. Nern, S.L. Zipursky, M.A. Frye, Peripheral visual circuits functionally segregate motion and phototaxis behaviors in the fly, Curr. Biol., 19 (2009) 613–619.
32. S. Tasar, F. Kaya, A. Ozer, Biosorption of lead (II) ions from aqueous solution by peanut shells: equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2 (2014) 1018–1026.
33. A. Günay, E. Arslankaya, İ. Tosun, Lead removal from aqueous solution by natural and pretreated clinoptilolite: adsorption equilibrium and kinetics, J. Hazard. Mater., (2007) 362–371.
34. C.P. Schulthess, D.L. Sparks, Equilibrium-Based Modeling of Chemical Sorption on Soils and Soil Constituents, in Advances in Soil Science, Springer, Berlin, Germany, 1991, pp. 121–163.
35. V. Patrulea, A. Negrulescu, M. Mincea, L. Pitulice, O. Spiridon, V. Ostafe, Optimization of the removal of copper (II) ions from aqueous solution on chitosan and cross-linked chitosan beads, BioResources, 8 (2013) 1147–1165.
36. A. Nasrullah, H. Khan, A. Khan, Z. Man, N. Muhammad, M. Khan, N, El-Salam, Potential biosorbent derived from calligonum polygonoides for removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous solution, Sci. World J., 2015.
37. P. Khare, B.P. Baruah, Structural parameters of perhydrous Indian coals, Int. J. Coal Prep. Util., 30 (2010) 44–67.
38. M.A. Wahab, H. Boubakri, S. Jellai, N. Jedial, Characterization of ammonium retention processes onto cactus leaves fibers using FTIR, EDX and SEM analysis, J. Hazard. Mater., 241 (2012) 101–109.
39. Y. Cheng, C. Yang, H. He, G. Zeng, Biosorption of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions by waste biomass from biotrickling filters: kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics, J. Environ. Eng., 142 (2016) C401500.
40. P.N. Diagboy, E.D. Dikio, Scavenging of aqueous toxic organic and inorganic cations using novel facile magneto-carbon blackclay composite adsorbent, J. Cleaner Prod., 180 (2018) 71–80.
41. R.P. Mohubedu, P.N.E. Diagboya, C.Y. Abasi, E.D. Dikio, F. Mtunzi, Magnetic valorization of biomass and biochar of a typical plant nuisance for toxic metals contaminated water treatment, J. Cleaner Prod., 209 (2019) 1016–1024.
42. C. Namasivayam, M11.V. Sureshkumar, Removal of chromium (VI) from wastewater using surfactant modified coconut coirpith as biosorbent, Bioresour. Technol., 99 (2008) 2218–2225.