References
- J. Eke, A. Yusuf, A. Giwa, A. Sodiq, The global status
of desalination: an assessment of current desalination
technologies, plants and capacity, Desalination, 495 (2020)
114633, doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2020.114633.
- Yates, Yates Environmental Services, United States, 2019.
Available at: https://www.adroitmarketresearch.com/industryreports/water-desalination-market (accessed March 22, 2021)
- M. Hindiyeh, A. Albatayneh, R. Altarawneh, M. Jaradat,
M. Al-Omary, Q. Abdelal, T. Tayara, O. Khalil, A. Juaidi,
R. Abdallah, P. Dutournié, M. Jeguirim, Sea level rise mitigation
by global sea water desalination using renewable-energy powered
plants, Sustainability, 13 (2021) 9552, doi: 10.3390/
su13179552.
- GWI, Desalination Plant of the Year, Thermal Desalination is
Not Dead, Global Water Intelligence, United Kingdom, 2021.
Available at: https://www.globalwaterintel.com/news/2021/14/
interpreting-the-2021-global-water-awards (accessed April 14,
2021)
- S. Jamaly, N.N. Darwish, I. Ahmed, S.W. Hasan, A short review
on reverse osmosis pretreatment technologies, Desalination,
354 (204) 30–38.
- A.M. Mahmoud, Y. Kim, R.B. Mansour, A. Al-Aithan, Y. Lee,
S. Ahmed, H. Varshney, H. Chung, K. Bamardouf,
O.A. Hamed,
A. Al-Ghamdi, F.A. Abu Derman, Experimental analysis
and techno-economic study of once through long tube MSF
desalination plants, Desal. Water Treat., 73 (2017) 137–144.
- I.S. Al-Mutaz, Features of multi-effect evaporation desalination
plants, Desal. Water Treat., 54 (2015) 3227–3235.
- I.S. Al-Mutaz, I. Wazeer, Current status and future directions
of MED-TVC desalination technology, Desal. Water Treat.,
55 (2015) 1–9.
- I.S. Al-Mutaz, I. Wazeer, Comparative performance evaluation
of conventional multi-effect evaporation desalination processes,
App. Therm. Eng., 73 (2014) 1194–1203.
- C. Sommariva, Desalination Management and Economics,
Faversham House Group, Faversham House Limited, United
Kingdom, 2004.
- N.M. Al-Najem, M.A. Darwish, F.A. Youssef, Thermovapor
compression desalters: energy and availability — analysis
of single- and multi-effect systems, Desalination, 110 (1997)
223–238.
- S. Ihm, O.Y. Al-Najdi, O.A. Hamed, G. Jun, H. Chung, Energy
cost comparison between MSF, MED and SWRO: case studies
for dual purpose plants, Desalination, 397 (2016) 116–125.
- M.A. Saroosh, S. Ahmed, O.A. Hamed, K.A. Al-Shail,
S. Ihm, H. Chung, A.S. Al-Ghamdi, F.A. Abu-Derman,
Techno-
Economic Evaluation of Concentrated Solar Thermal (Heat
Only) Assisted Satellite MED-TVC, IDA World Congress,
San Diego, USA, 2015.
- K. Bourouni, S. Ihm, F. Rezazadeh, A. Nafey, J.K. Park, Analysis
of Scale in High Temperature MED Distiller, IDA World
Congress, Perth, Western Australia, 2011.
- S. Ihm, K. Bourouni, C. Siklawi, M.A. Saroosh, A. Nafey,
J. Choi, J. Park, Optimization of Large-Scale High Temperature
MED-TVC Systems: Numerical & Experimental Verification,
IWA World Water Congress & Exhibition, Busan, Korea, 2013.
- U.S. EPA, Method 6010D (SW-846), Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Revision 4, Washington
DC, USA, 2014.
- Y. Lee, O.A. Hamed, A.M. Mahmoud, K. Bamardouf, S. Ahmed,
B. Park, A.S. Al-Jamhan, A demonstration of high temperature
MED-TVC desalination technology in the Gulf Area, Am. J.
Chem. Eng., 7 (2019) 57–64.
- K.A. Khalid, M.A. Antar, A. Khalifa, O.A. Hamed, Allocation of
thermal vapour compressor in multi effect desalination systems
with different feed configurations, Desalination, 426 (2018)
164–173.
- O.A. Hamed, M.N. Al-Ghannam, K.A. Al-Shail, A.M. Farooque,
R. Al-Rasheed, S. Al-Fozan, A.R. Al-Arifi, M. Hirai,
Y. Taniguchi,
S. Araki, K. Harada, K. Maekawa, Successful Operation of MED/
TVC Desalination Process at TBT of 125°C Without Scaling, IDA
World Congress, REF: IDAWC/DB09-062, Atlantis, The Palm –
Dubai, UAE, 2009.
- M. Luo S. Wang, J. Yang, The scaling preventable measures of
multi-effect distillation plants, Adv. Mater. Res., 955–959 (2014)
605–609.
- A.Y. Abdulgader, G.M. Mustafa, N. Nada, K. Al-Hasani,
Performance Evaluation of Belgard EV2050 at Al-Aziziah
Reheat Plant, Technical Report No. TR-3808/EVP96004,
Saline Water Conversion Corporation, Saudi Arabia, 1998,
pp. 1786–1804.
- O. Hamed, A.M. Mahmoud, K. Bamardouf, A. Al Ghamdi, A.
Al-Hamzah, Thermal performance of MED-TVC pilot at 95°C
elevated temperature with acid-anti-scalant blend treatment,
Int. J. Mech. Eng. Appl., 9 (2021) 15–18.
- G. Ozair, K.Z. Al-Sebaie, S.A. Al-Zahrany, H.S. Al-Subhi,
Y.A. Abuayed, Dynamic Simulation and Thermodynamic
Assessment of the High Performance MED-TVC Plant at
Marafiq-Yanbu, IDA World Congress, Sao Paulo, Brazil, 2017.
- M. Matar, Cost Effective – High-Performance Antiscalant
‘ALBRIVAP® DSB (M) A’ in MSF Units, The 12th Gulf Water
Conference, Water Sciences and Technology Association,
Bahrain, 2017.
- Adding Cost Breakdown for MED Global Water Intelligence,
United Kingdom, Vol. 11, Issue 9, Sep. 2010, p. 8.