References
- H. Blenke, Effect of liquid height on hydrodynamic
characteristics of an external loop airlift reactor, Adv. Biochem.
Eng., 13 (1979) 121–214.
- K.Tebel, H.P. Zehner, Fluid dynamic description of jet loop
reactors in multi-phase operations, Chem. Eng. Technol.,
12 (1989) 274–280.
- H.J. Warnecke, J. Prüss, H. Langemann, On a mathematical
model for loop reactors-I. Residence time distribution, moments
and eigenvalues, Chem. Eng. Sci., 40 (1985) 2321–2326.
- K. Bohner, H. Blenke, Verfahrenstechnik, loop reactors,
Chem. Ing. Tech., 44 (1972) 373–373.
- A. Kulkarni, Y.T. Shah, Gas phase dispersion in a downflow
bubble column, Chem. Eng. Commun., 28 (1984) 311–326.
- M. Velan, T.K. Ramanujam, Gas liquid mass transfer in a down
flow jet loop reactor, Chem. Eng. Sci., 47 (1992) 2871–2876.
- N. Dutta, K. Raghavan, Mass transfer and hydrodynamic
characteristics of loop reactors with down flow liquid jet
ejector, Chem. Eng. J., 36 (1987) 111–121.
- M. Velan, T. Ramanujam, Hydrodynamics in down flow jet loop
reactor, Can. J. Chem. Eng., 69 (1991) 1257–1261.
- S.M. Wagh, K.V. Koranne, R.B. Mankar, R.L. Sonolikaret, Gas
holdup in a two-phase reversed flow jet loop reactor, Can. J.
Chem. Eng., 88 (2010) 793–800.
- A.M. Jamshidi, M. Sohrabi, F. Vahabzadeh, B. Bonakdarpour,
Hydrodynamic and mass transfer characterization of a down
flow jet loop bioreactor, Biochem. Eng. J., 8 (2001) 241–250.
- L. Medic, A. Cehovin, T. Koloiui, A. Pavko, Volumetric gas–liquid mass coefficients in a rectangular bubble column with
a rubber aeration pad, Chem. Eng. J., 41 (1989) B51–B54.
- M. Benjamin, D. Lawler, Water Quality Engineering:
Physical/Chemical Treatment Processes, Wiley Publications,
New Jersey, 2013.
- A. Agarwal, W.J. Ng, Y. Liu, Principle and applications of
micro bubble and nano bubble technology for water treatment,
Chemosphere, 84 (2011) 1175–1180.
- Y. Gao, D. Hong, H.Y. Cheng, L. Wang, X. Li, Gas holdup and
liquid velocity distributions in the up flow jet-loop reactor,
Chem. Eng. Res. Des., 136 (2018) 94–104.
- M. Millies, D. Mewes, Calculation of circulating flows in
bubble columns, Chem. Eng. Sci., 50 (1995) 2093–2106.
- M. Zhao, K. Niranjan, J.F. Davidson, Mass transfer to viscous
liquids in bubble columns and air-lift reactors: influence of
baffles, Chem. Eng. Sci., 49 (1994) 2359–2369.
- F. Yamashita, Effect of liquid depth, column inclination and
baffle plates on gas holdup in bubble columns, J. Chem. Eng.
Jpn., 18 (1985) 349–363.
- X. Luo, D.J. Lee, R. Lau, G. Yang, L.S. Fan, Maximum stable
bubble size and gas holdup in high-pressure slurry bubble
columns, AlChE J., 45 (1999) 665–680.
- M. Bouaifi, G. Hebrard, D. Bastoul, M. Roustan, A comparative
study of gas holdup, bubble size, interfacial area and mass
transfer coefficients in stirred gas–liquid reactors and bubble
columns, Chem. Eng. Process. Process Intensif., 40 (2001)
97–111.
- A. Schumpe, G. Grund, The gas disengagement technique
for studying gas holdup structure in bubble columns, Can. J.
Chem. Eng., 64 (1986) 891–896.
- C.L. Hyndman, F. Larachi, C. Guy, Understanding gas-phase
hydro-dynamics in bubble columns: a convective model
based on kinetic theory, Chem. Eng. Sci., 52 (1997) 63–77.
- A. Mandal, Characterization of gas–liquid parameters in
a down-flow jet loop bubble column, Braz. J. Chem. Eng.,
27 (2010) 253–264.
- M.D. Abràmoff, P.J. Magalhães, S.J. Ram, Image processing
with ImageJ, Biophotonics Int., 11 (2004) 36–42.
- W.S. Rasband, ImageJ, US National Institutes of Health,
Bethesda, Maryland, USA, 2011.
- C.A. Schneider, W.S. Rasband, K.W. Eliceiri, NIH Image to
ImageJ: 25 Years of Image Analysis. Nature Methods, ImageJ,
US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA, 2012,
pp. 671–675.
- J. Behin, N. Farhadian, Residence time distribution
measurements in a two dimensional rectangular airlift reactor
by digital image processing, Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., 51 (2013)
244–250.
- S.M. Hartig, Basic image analysis and manipulation in
ImageJ, Curr. Protocol. Mol. Biol., 102 (2013) 14.15.1–14.15.12,
doi: 10.1002/0471142727.mb1415s102.
- J. Behin, N. Farhadian, Digital image processing technique
to investigate the hydrodynamics of an airlift reactor with
double downcomer, Chem. Eng. Technol., 12 (2015) 2207–2216.
- A.E. Carpenter, T.R. Jones, M.R. Lamprecht, C. Clarke,
I.H. Kang, O. Friman, D.A. Guertin, J.H. Chang,
R.A. Lindquist,
J. Moffat, P. Golland, D.M. Sabatini, CellProfiler: image analysis
software for identifying and quantifying cell phenotypes,
Genome Biol., 7 (2006) R100, doi: 10.1186/gb-2006-7-10-r100.
- N. Farhadian, J. Behin, A. Parvareh, Residence time distribution
in an internal loop airlift reactor: CFD simulation versus
digital image processing measurement, Comput. Fluids,
167 (2018) 221–228.