References
- F. Beyer, B.M. Rietman, A. Zwijnenburg, P. van den Brink,
J.S. Vrouwenvelder, Long-term performance and fouling
analysis of full-scale direct nanofiltration (NF) installations
treating anoxic groundwater, J. Membr. Sci., 468 (2014) 339–348.
- J.S. Vrouwenvelder, D. Van der Kooij, Diagnosis, prediction
and prevention of biofouling of NF and RO membranes,
Desalination, 139 (2001) 65–71.
- T. Nguyen, F. Roddick, L. Fan, Biofouling of water treatment
membranes: a review of the underlying causes, monitoring
techniques and control measures, Membranes, 2 (2012) 804–840.
- M. Al-Ahmad, F.A. Aleem, A. Mutiri, A. Ubaisy, Biofouling
in RO membrane systems Part 1: fundamentals and control,
Desalination, 132 (2000) 173–179.
- C. Dreszer, J.S. Vrouwenvelder, A.H. Paulitsch-Fuchs,
A. Zwijnenburg, J.C. Kruithof, H.C. Flemming, Hydraulic
resistance of biofilms, J. Membr. Sci., 429 (2013) 436–447.
- K.O. Agenson, T. Urase, Change in membrane performance
due to organic fouling in nanofiltration (NF)/reverse osmosis
(RO) applications, Sep. Purif. Technol., 55 (2007) 147–156.
- M. Herzberg, K. Seoktae, M. Elimelech, Role of extracellular
polymeric substances (EPS) in biofouling of reverse osmosis
membranes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 43 (2009) 4393–4398.